My Year Of High School - 877 Words

If I had the opportunity to go back in time, I would redo every year of High School. Three of the biggest problems that I faced were: not studying on time, not doing the homework on time, and always cheating off of my best friend s paper. I would always be afraid to ask the teacher questions because I didn’t want to seem dumb, so instead I would cheat or go on Google and copy down the answers word for word. What I failed to realize was that I was capable of thinking my own thoughts and that everyone has their own unique way of thinking. As my 9th grade year begun, I was beyond thrilled because I was now being known as a freshman of McGehee High School. Besides being away from the teachers and their ridiculous rules in Junior High, I no longer had to worry about being called â€Å"the little kids† by the seniors and juniors because we were now all in the same building. What I did have to worry about was getting the amount of credits I needed to pass into the next grade, and to graduate once I made it to the 12th grade. Throughout my entire freshman year, I made sure that I did every assignment and studied for every test because I didn t want to start on a wrong foot. There would be some days when I didn’t want to do anything, so instead of trying I would get all the answers from my friend. I could see that many days she would get annoyed by me always asking for the answers, so I made a promise to myself that I wouldn’t ask anyone else for an answer that I was capable ofShow MoreRelatedMy Year Of High School910 Words   |  4 Pagesfinished my junior year of high school I’ve gotten by thus far with lazy study techniques that don’t require much effort and grab an A or B. But have I retained all the information I spent many an hour studying for? Vaguely. This is due to my poor study habits. I am a procrastinator; it’s possibly my most favorite and least favorite thing to do at the same time. I don’t try to pr ocrastinate it’s possibly just an innate skill of mine. When I would rather binge watch Netflix or play video games on my PlayStationRead MoreMy Years Of High School Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesThere’s four main seasons that occur throughout the year. I’ve always loved the saying â€Å"like the seasons we change.† When I hear this saying I like to think of a tree; how it can go from being a little sprout, to small tree with only branches, to being so full of life with colors and leaves everywhere. This tree withstands the scorching hot summers, the brutal cold winters and all of what is in between. This tree stands strong and continues to grow and mature through it all. I would compare myselfRead MoreMy Year Of High School Essay958 Words   |  4 Pages Back in my freshmen year of high school, I cringed at the thought of writing essays. I could not convey my thoughts through my writing efficiently. After sophomore year, I became a bit more confident about my writing. It was not until junior year, however, that my writing drastically improved. IB English 11 enhanced quite a few of my weaknesses and molded me into an analytical thinker. Nevertheless, the process of becoming a capable writer was rigorous. One of my biggest challenges as a writer:Read MoreMy First Year Of High School947 Words   |  4 PagesI’m not quite sure when it started. My best guess would be freshman year of high school. I was transitioning into a new school which initially hadn’t bothered me. The problem was that I was split up from a lot of the friends I had before. Some were in different high schools and others were just in different classes leaving me by myself as they made new friends. Adding to this was the fact that I was in an honors program I struggled to keep up with. The work suddenly didn’t make any sense, I was unpreparedRead MoreMy Senior Year In High School760 Words   |  4 PagesMy Senior Year in High School was More Fun than Work As I walked across what appeared to be a mile-long stage to receive my diploma, I realized I had put in a lot of hard work leading up to that moment, but my senior year was not one of them. I enjoyed myself as much as possible during my senior year and was able to have some of the best times of my life that I will remember forever. I participated in fundraising events, prom king competition and matured leading up to my senior year which was notRead MoreMy Experience At My High School Year Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagespartially the decision that I took. During my High School years, my only desire was to get away from the place I called home. I could not wait to see myself outside the door of my house, doing something that did not relate to my family and well, what I called friends. I never felt comfortable, I had to get away, to be alone, to be in a place where no one would need me, a place where I would only depend on myself. During my last high school year I spent most of my time looking for a university which wouldRead MoreMy Senior Year Of High School893 Words   |  4 Pageschanging my past for it is has led me to who I am now. However as I grow and reflect on circumstances that have occurred, I realize that there are instances in which I yearn that I would have done things differently. One perhaps being, I wish in my senior year of high school I would have worked less hours at my job and enjoyed my classes, events, and token opportunities in school. The summer before my senior year of high school began my parents had taken the decision that after twenty years of marriageRead MoreMy Senior Year Of High School965 Words   |  4 PagesMy senior year of high school and I still felt like a freshman. The typical freshman vibe of not fitting in due to the fact that I was a new kid in school and the majority of people had been there since junior kindergarten. These four years at Cannon School have been an emotional rollercoaster. Due to the fact that I couldn’t find any friends for the first two years. I thought that I would find a group that I could hang out with but, it didn’t seem like I was fitingt into any of the cliques. I hadRead MoreMy First Year Of High School923 Words   |  4 PagesDuring my senior year of high school, I discovered everything I learned prior to that year would relate to my future. Writing essays every day helped me to be accustomed to writing. Reading something every day will helped me becaus e that I would learn new information. Using the technologies like the computer is also a part of my meaning to everyday life. Lifelong Learning will always be part of our daily lives wherever we go. To begin with, writing is a lot of fun and creative. During my first yearRead MoreMy First Year Of High School1135 Words   |  5 PagesI’ve never felt any particularly good feelings about school, especially high school. In my first two years of public school, I found that I didn’t like my teachers and classes. I started ditching to avoid the boredom, hanging out with friends instead of doing schoolwork. My mom noticed me falling so far behind, so she reached out to a friend who worked at a different type of school. I was signed up and started that school in my junior year. I was still far behind, and wasn’t fazed much on the fact

Essay on Legalization of Marijuana, Cocaine, and...

In the United States, there are many drugs that are outlawed due to their supposed harmful and dangerous effects on humans. Some of these drugs include marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and prescription pills that are abused by people to whom they are not prescribed. Recent movements have called for the legalization of all of these drugs. Although it appears that legalization of all drugs on the market seems like a valid movement, in reality, all hard drugs such as cocaine and prescription pills should remain illegal because they are detrimental to society and have a tend for users to develop a physical dependency on these drugs. Throughout the history of the United States, citizens have used a vast amount of narcotics and stimulants for†¦show more content†¦Although there is not much good that can come from people smoking cigarettes, at least the government is able to collect money which according to Obama’s Childrens Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009, the additional revenue received from these taxes are able to go towards families that would normally not be given any money by the government. With regards to alcohol, the government also gets revenue from the taxes on alcohol. In the year 2008, the United States received $5,763,336 in taxes on alcoholic drinks. This money can also be used to help families stricken with poverty that normally wouldn’t receive money from the government. Having both of these drugs legal is rationally defensible because the government is able to make money on these products. Another drug that is used by many Americans is marijuana. Marijuana in America is illegal for what the government sites for many health reasons. However, I believe that Marijuana should be legalized for many different reasons. As stated before, a big part of tax revenue for both state and federal governments are taxes on cigarettes. If marijuana was legalized, both governments could implement heavy taxes on marijuana and ma ke a lot of revenue off of the product. A study that was preformed on agriculture in the Unites States found that in fact, marijuana was the number one cash crop in America. â€Å"The study estimates that marijuanaShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1586 Words   |  7 PagesStates suffer from sicknesses that can be help treated with marijuana. The â€Å"drug† marijuana has many benefits from minor day-to-day to life-changing benefits. Cancer, strokes, arthritis, stress, anxiety, and depression are just some instances. Marijuana has been a stigma of bias beliefs for many years. People fear that marijuana can have a negative impact on their health. Such as, breathe in smoke, brain damage, gateway to other drugs but marijuana is a safe substance that should be legalized in the UnitedRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?812 Words   |  4 PagesKush, Pot, Weed, Mary Jane, marijuana is known by many names. Americans perceive marijuana as an awful drug. But have am ericans discovered that marijuana has be known to contribute good and bad qualities for the human body. Americans should legalize marijuana because there has been no evidence that anyone has ever died of marijuana overdose, Marijuana is a safer drug than others, and Marijuana has a lower risk of addiction than most legalized drugs. To begin with, Marijuana was first known to be discoveredRead MoreThe Legalization Of All Drugs1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe legalization of all drugs considered illegal in the United States today would do more than any other act to eradicate current social and political problems. Though many would naturally think otherwise, legalizing drugs like marijuana, ecstasy, meth, cocaine, heroin, mushrooms, LSD, and DMT would cripple organized crime, majorly reduce death and injury from drug use, unclog the court system, and make these drugs much safer to use. Contrary to popular belief, the legalization of all drugs wouldRead MoreEssay on Legalization of Marijuana for Medical Uses and Hemp662 Words   |  3 PagesLegalization of Marijuana for Medical Uses and Hemp Marijuana, dope, weed, pot, these are all names for a drug that has many medical uses, but it not currently legal in the United States. Marijuana is still used extensively for medical purposes, even though it is illegal. Marijuana, when smoked, produces a chemical substance known as THC, or tetra-hydro-cannabinol. It is often used as a recreational drug, which is used to heighten perception, and relax the mind and body. In medical useRead MoreOur Cup Of Coffee Is More Addictive And Harmful Than A Joint Of Marijuana Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesYour cup of coffee is more addictive and harmful than a joint of marijuana. Marijuana a.k.a. weed, cannabis, doja, ganja, reefer, the devils lettuce, grass, pot, dank and dope, is one of the safest drug a human can use as well as the most used illicit substance in the United States. The rate of use in people under 18 has increased while the rate of people who think the drug is dangerous is decreasing. The myth that marijuana users are â€Å"losers† and unsuccessful just does not add up. The majority ofRead MoreLegalization Of Medical Marijuana And Marijuana1486 Words   |  6 Pages Legalization of Medical Marijuana Name: Institution: Abstract In 1996, California set a pace that would lead to today’s debate on medical marijuana and marijuana as a whole by passing the Compassionate Use Act that allowed the use of medical marijuana. Other states have since followed the trend and school of thought, case in point; Alaska, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont andRead MoreAnti Drug Use And Abuse1413 Words   |  6 Pagesof different drugs were commonly used such as alcohol, marijuana, Benzedrine, morphine, heroin, and later psychedelic drugs including peyote, and LSD. Although some of these drugs were just being introduced into the main stream for experimental use they would later become some of the most popular drugs used by many. However, in 1951 The Boggs Act had already established mandatory minimum federal sentences for possession of marijuana, cocaine, and opiates so people who used these drugs knew thereRead More harmf ul legalization Essay1042 Words   |  5 Pages Harmful Legalization The United States government has seen fit to pass laws prohibiting the sale, manufacture, and possession of dangerous and destructive substances such as marijuana. In opportunistic and negligent haste, fringe aspects of society are seeking to undo laws regarding the restriction of marijuana. These factions have ignored the risks associated with marijuana, falsified information regarding its medical use, and ignore the greater issue with regards to the legalization of harmfulRead MoreEffects Of Drug Use On Society And Individuals932 Words   |  4 Pagesexperiment with drugs like marijuana and nicotine. Adults, especially those who have suffered Beard 2 illness or injury. They take drugs like meth, cocaine, and heroine. Adults can also easily become addicted to their prescriptions. According to Healthline, highly addictive prescription drugs tend to be Xanax, Valium, Oxycodone, Amphetamines (Speed), and Ritalin. Individuals who start abusing substances such as marijuana (a mild drug in contrast) oftenRead MoreMarijuana Research Paper1281 Words   |  6 PagesThe Legalization of Marijuana Lately it seems that drug policy and the war on drugs has been in the headlines continuously. Policies in United States government takes against illegal drugs are coming into question. Marijuana laws have been enacted since 1937, that’s over 75 years of prohibition. But in 1996, California passed Proposition 215, legalizing the use of prescription medical marijuana. Just like the failed attempt of alcohol prohibition, marijuana is now rising as the most popular drug

Phantom of the Opera Free Essays

Symbolism behind the Phantom of the Opera Throughout the story and the original novel, the symbolic use of mirrors abound. I think much deeper it’s dealt with in the original book by Gaston Leroux, and somewhat alluded to in different terms in the movie. Nevertheless, let’s take a look at the reflection in the mirror and see what’s there. We will write a custom essay sample on Phantom of the Opera or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is a mirror? Basically, it’s just a smooth shiny surface that forms an image by reflection. When we gaze into a mirror, our reflection returns to us, and we see ourselves through our own eyes. What reflection we see in our own mind can either be reality or distortion. Psychiatry research has actually termed a body image distortion disorder for those who look in the mirror and see themselves as something they are not. The image reflected in the mirror can have a profound effect upon us. Christine is faced with the mirror in her dressing room. The mirror calls to her to explore the depths of the Phantom and the one who has forged her inner self through his music. Through the mirror he calls to her, and bids her to look at her own image in the mirror. â€Å"Look at your face in the mirror. I am there inside! † What she discovers in the mirror is the reflection of the Phantom, who has become part of her, dwelling inside her mind, and now bids her into his world to know him as he truly is. She succumbs and in a trace like state follows him through the mirror to his domain. In the book, the Phantom’s torture chamber is a room of mirrors representing the true torture of his own life, which is the reflection of himself and the agony he feels. In the movie, we see all the mirrors are hidden and covered, until Christine removes his mask and uncovers his true appearance. In reaction, he pulls down the coverings over the mirror that reveal the ugliness and agony of his soul. Yet, the mirrors have deeper meanings behind them. As humans, we are visually driven and attracted toward outward beauty, which we highly value in others and in ourselves. We often fail to understand that who we are as human beings goes far beyond our outward appearance. Beauty is also an inward quality. In astonishment the Phantom hears Christine say, â€Å"This haunted face holds no horror for me now. It’s in your soul that the true distortion lies. † How often have you looked in the reflection of the mirror and found displeasure in what you saw? I dare say most of us have. It’s the mirror to our souls, our self-image, and our self-worth. It can either torture us or please us. However, your image as a human being goes far beyond the reflection of the mirror; it goes to the depth of your soul, which is eternal. Your body will waste away in the grave, but your soul and its essence will continue throughout eternity. Would it not be a better to focus on that which is eternal within us, rather than that which is temporal and wasting away? Go to a mirror and tell me what you see. Let the reflection come back into your eyes through the window of your soul. If you see some distortion within, perhaps it’s time to acknowledge it, pick up the candlestick, break the mirrors before you as the Phantom did, and leave the ugliness of your distorted soul behind and walk through to a new life. May the one who created us in His own image, open all our eyes to see the message of true beauty. How to cite Phantom of the Opera, Essay examples Phantom of the Opera Free Essays The Phantom of the Opera, directed by Joel Schumacher , is an adaptation of the Broadway musical The Phantom of the Opera, music and book by Andrew Llyod Webber. The musical The Phantom of the Opera is based on the novel by Gaston Leroux. The movie stars Gerard Butler as The Phantom, Emmy Rossum as Christine, and Patrick Wilson as Raoul, in the leading roles. We will write a custom essay sample on Phantom of the Opera or any similar topic only for you Order Now While watching the movie, you can’t help but notice all of the spectacular sets. Each of the sets matches the time period perfectly and the details that are put into the sets is beyond mazing. The Phantoms underground lair is a great example of an exquisitely detailed set. The lights and the sets work together hand in hand to create an atmosphere of mystery and sadness. The lights depict the pre electric era when stage lighting was done with gas light. It provided a warm-looking environment. An example of this lighting would also be the Phantoms lair. While he uses an abundance of candles, those candles still create shadows in which he hides his deformity. The costumes and make up in this movie are absolutely phenomenal. They portray the extravagance of the opera performers using bright and colorful make up and huge dresses, to the simple and lightly colored white dresses that Christine wears that represents her youthful purity and innocence. Christine’s lack of makeup enhances her look of youthful innocence also. The Phantom, on the other hand, with his stark white mask, his black slicked back hair, and sweeping black cape represents the mystery of the character. The direction of this movie starts with it being well cast, especially the three main roles. The lead actors are realistically portrayed, while the characters taking part in the opera performance are more presentational. The gravelly sound of Gerard Butlers voice add s to the tragedy of his character, the Phantom. In the direction of the movie, Joel Schumacher aids with the development of his actors characters. One thing that stood out for me was when the Phantom leads Christine down to his underground lair, and all she’s looking at is him. She is memorized by the Phantoms mystery and almost starts to fall in love with him. The overall theme of this movie is love goes deeper than what is shown on the outside. When Christine pulls of the Phantoms mask for the second time, she finally sees what his deformity is. The fact that she is not disgusted and appalled by what she sees shows that she really truly loves him for who he is and not what he looks like underneath the mask. The Phantom of the Opera is by far one of the best movies I have honestly ever seen. It has such a beautiful and powerful message that I think everyone can learn something from watching the movie. How to cite Phantom of the Opera, Papers

Superannuation for Journal of Financial Economic - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSuperannuation for Journal of Financial Economic Policy. Answer: Dear Client, The aim of this letter is to inform you about the recent changes that have been made in the superannuation regulations in the latest federal budget. It is important to be aware of the changes so the changes that affects the superannuation account is provided in this letter. The recent changes in the superannuation regulations have been made more flexible. The flexibility in the regulation is likely to provide certain advantages to the self-employed and income earners of less than $40000. The new regulation has made changes in the limit on the contribution and the balance cap[1]. The new regulation provide that in case of eligible tax payer that have earnings up to $37000 will receive an additional superannuation contribution from government. This is known as low-income super tax offset and this amount should be equal to 15% of the super contribution or $500. The new regulation have made certain changes that affects the high-income earners. The new regulation has made reduction in both the after and before tax contribution limit in case of high-income earners. The high-income earners will have to pay extra tax if the income and the contribution combined exceeds the threshold limit of $250000. That means concessional contribution cap has been removed in t he new regulation for all the contributors[2]. This threshold limit previously was $300000. In the recent change, the 10% rule have been removed thus making it easier to get tax deduction for personal super contribution. The new regulation have also reduced the non-concessional contribution from $180000 to $100000 per annum. The recent changes that affects the superannuation account has been discussed above. However, if there is any further clarification required then please contact us and it will be a pleasure to provide further assistance in this regard. Thanking You Reference Brown, Christine Ann, Kevin Davis, and David Mayes. "Regulatory change in Australia and New Zealand following the global financial crisis."Journal of Financial Economic Policy7, no. 1 (2015): 8-28. Donald, Scott, Hazel Bateman, Ross Buckley, Kevin Liu, and Rob Nicholls. "Too Connected to Fail: The Regulation of Systemic Risk within Australia's Superannuation System."Journal of Financial Regulation2, no. 1 (2015): 56-78.

Theories of Attitudes free essay sample

Attitudes are evaluative statements or judgments, either favorable or unfavorable concerning objective, people or events. They reflect how one feels about something e. g. if is said, â€Å"I like my job†, I am expressing my attitude about work. Attitudes are not the same as values, but the two are interrelated. There are three components of an attitude: Cogn ition, affect, and Behavior. Cognitive Component of an attitude The opinion or belief segment of an attitude. Affective Component of an attitude The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude. Behavioral Component of an attitude An attention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something. In organization, attitudes are important because they affect the behavior. If workers believe that supervisors, auditors, bosses, and time-and-motion engineers are all in conspiracy to make employee work harder for the same or less money, then it makes sense to try to understand how these attitudes were formed, their relationship to actual job behavior and how they might be changed. We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of Attitudes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A person can have thousands of attitudes, but OB focuses on a very limited number of work-related attitudes. These work related attitudes tap positive or negative evaluations hat employees hold about aspects of their work environment. Most of the research in ob has been concerned with three attitudes; Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement and Organizational Commitment. Job Satisfaction An individual’s general attitude toward his or her job. A person with at high level of job satisfaction hold positive attitudes about the job, while a person who is dissatisfied with his or her job holds negative attitudes about the job. Job Involvement The job involvement measures the degree to which a person identifies psychologically with his or her job and considers his or her perceived performance level important to self-worth. Employees with a high level of job involvement strongly identify with and really care about the kind of work they do. Organizational Commitment A state in which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization. Cognitive dissonance An incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitude. Self-perception Theory Attitudes are used after the fact to make sense out of an action that has already occurred. Attitudes Surveys Eliciting responses from employee through questionnaires about how they feel about their jobs, work group, supervisors, and the organization.

buy custom The Un-Patriotic Act essay

buy custom The Un-Patriotic Act essay The Un-Patriotic Act commonly referred to as the USA patriot Act came into law ten years ago. The initial names were aimed at Uniting and Strengthening American people (Mayeux, 2009). The main aim of the Act was to provide necessary tools in the interception and obstruction of terrorism activities. The Act was tremendously passed into law ACLU (2011), but the impact of the law would interfere with civil liberties and secrecy rights. The views were aired by Senator Russ Feingold. The Un-Patriotic Act also known as Patriotic Act was signed into law in October 26, 2001 by the then president George W. Bush. The title of the Act USA PATRIOT stands for U-uniting, S-strengthening, and A-America by, P-providing, A-appropriate, T-tools, R-required to, I-intercept and O-obstruct, T-terrorism (Khaki ACLU, 2011). The Act reduced confinements on law enforcement authorities ability to check the communications systems through telephone and electronic mail means, health, fiscal and other relevant records. Some people argue Patriotic Act is necessary as it helps in cubing terrorism. At one time, a group of six Yemeni-Americans were convicted of providing material support to al-Qaida (Fletcher, 2011). The office of the secretary of the treasury was elevated to regulate international fiscal matters. The illegal immigrants were detained and deported to their home countries. The Patriotic Act expanded the meaning of terrorism (Mayeux, 2009). Terrorism was classified to as the domestic terrorism and the international terrorism (Fletcher, 2011). America has been experiencing increased domestic terrorism activities committed by American citizens. They were commonly referred to as the lone wolves. In fact, Lone wolves posed significant threats in America. The Patriotic Act was concerned with enhancing security against domestic and international terrorism, improving surveillance procedures, preventing money laundering, increasing border security Fletcher (2011) reducing obstructions to investigations of terrorism, improving the sharing of information, setting up anti-terrorism law, enhanced intelligence. The Patriotic Act received resistance by a number of people. The major point that came out of it involved the indefinite detention of immigrants. Indefinite detention is the state of being imprisoned by law enforcers without trial (ACLU, 2011). This is a violation of the human rights. The American government does this in the umbrella that individuals are the enemy to the human kind and ae possible terrorism organizers. The Patriotic Act has restricted the rights of individual Americans. This has been done by the invasion of privacy. The Patriotic Act has expanded the application of National Security Letters, which allows the law enforcers to search telephones, electronic mails, fiscal records without a court order. The business premises were subject to regular searches not leaving behind the homes of people (Mayeux, 2009). Individual Americans lacked privacy at all. This has led to various legal authorities going to court to challenge the Patriotic Act. Some of the provisions in the Patriotic Act are unconstitutional. The Patriotic Act has been experiencing various battles. Some supporters in 2005 rallied to making it permanent while some critics suggested on the revision of some critical clauses. The Patriotic Act had to be revised especially on areas affecting the liberty of the American people (Mayeux, 2009). The critics argue that the Patriotic Act was passed into law opportunistically. The effect of the twin towers bomb blast in September 11 2001. There were fewer discussions and consultations made in regards to the law (Dinzeo, 2011). This generated controversy and heated debate on the legality of the Patriotic Act. The law invades the privacy of the American people. The communications privacy was also breached. This meant that the law will interdict innocent American citizens and sees them as involved in terrorism (ACLU, 2011). There have been huge constitutional costs as well as economical costs. The critics have gone to court on several occasions. The critics are always demanding the remove of clauses that go against the human rights. The Patriotic Act has been having various extensions in terms of the period the act is valid. A privacy incident Cleary experienced involved the Canadian people and firms in the provinces of the British Columbia. Patriotic Act says that it has the right to do the relevant searches. This has provoked the government of British Columbia to search the people and private firms in the British Columbia. This is a clear illustration on the conflict of interested between the two neighboring governments (Dinzeo, 2011). The Patriotic Act has increased the security of America by many ways. The intelligent surveillance has been on watch on the daily happenings. This has made the security tight and easy to predict any on coming danger. It has also managed to instill fear to people who would be planning to exxercise terrorism (Meadows, 2005). Monitoring has angered several people and has gone to the court to challenge the legality of the Patriotic Act (Khaki ACLU, 2011). There are contentions sections that infringement the rights of individual American rights. Section 215 ACLU (2011), states that the government have the right to obtain ant tangible thing in suspicion of terrorism activities. The government has no right to prove its claims. This is against the human rights. Section 206 ACLU (2011), states that the government have the right to obtain surveillance on any person or property. Section 2006 ACLU (2011) permits the intelligence of the non-US people. This is an abuse of the human rights. The three main contentious clauses are subject to critics and should be reviewed. The persons of America see it as a restriction to the rights of Americans. The Patriotic Act invades on the meaning of the freedom of expression. People are kept in worry because they absolutely know they are monitored (Carlson, 2011). The Patriotic Act has increased the cyber insecurity. The government counter terrorism section will have too much at tomes not interpreting the information in time and others leading to misinterpretation. The policies fail because they infringe the human right and they are ineffective in their operations. The security of America has not much improved. The enactment of the Patriotic Act has not been worth the cost involved. Taking an example, there has been 190,000 national security letters issued to people and businesses without the court approval. Out of the many letters, there is only one that has a terrorist link (ACLU, 2011). This means the Patriotic Act is not worth the effort being put. The Patriotic Act has brought about the economic injustice. The law hinders the free business transactions. The infringement on the freedom of the Americans is unconstitutional. Americans should be set free of monitoring by the government (Carlson, 2011). Conclusion Terrorism is a threat to the United States of America. When it comes to security, the government does not take any chances whatsoever. The main challenge comes in the balancing of security and infringement of the basic human rights. This has led to many court battles challenging the Patriotic Act. The critics have highlighted the different sections that need review. Many cities have passed a resolution against Patriotic Act (Carlson, 2011). Buy custom The Un-Patriotic Act essay

Effect of Mandated Testing on Education Research Paper

Effect of Mandated Testing on Education - Research Paper Example The consequences or sanctions vary in level of severity, but the implication is clear. They send vivid indications that the method gives a crystal picture of the student’s performance. However, some of the implemented tests may not offer a fair platform to pass judgment on the teachers or students using their performance results. In that, the tests may not offer full and fair credibility on the performers or the tutors. The following paper will show an elaborate analysis of articles touching on mandated testing and its effect in schools. Susan Ohanian, in her article, â€Å"Constraining Elementary Teachers' Work: Dilemmas and Paradoxes Created by State Mandated Testing,† scrutinizes this mode of testing in an elaborate manner. In her work, Susan is keen to provide the resultant effects of mandate testing on the affected individuals, who are teachers and students. She argues that teachers are pressured to act in ways that seem unprofessional to them. In turn, this forms a leading disadvantage of the program in schools. Subsequently, the teachers believe that their behavior will not yield fruits of success in the affected students. Moreover, they feel that they are acting in unprofessional ways as mandated testing seem to focus on Mathematics and English language arts more than the science-related disciplines (Ohanian, web). In addition, according to Susan’s article, the teachers do feel that the test pressure them to work the things the tests demands of the students instead of improving the student’s general performance. In relation to this, when the mandated test turns to asking the student for something previously not familiarized to the student, need to refocus ruptures. There is a need to refocus on things to feed the students’ minds, as the mandated tests requires. However, the article claim a more pressing matter is forcing the teachers to lose their professionalism. The teachers find themselves between helping the studen ts in elementary school and being loyal to their professional field. They feel that their professional training does not concur with the requirements of the mandated test. In order for a student to succeed in the mandated tests the teachers, have to comply with the requirements, which they feel they are not in line with their professional understanding of the curriculum. In turn, they end up ignoring their professional feelings and instead assist the students conform to the requirements of the mandated tests. On the other hand, within the same article, Susan reports of teachers who embraced the ideology of mandated tests and their effects. The teachers believe that the tests offer a comprehensive way of developing the writing, listening and reading skills of students. Moreover, these tests enable students to develop their thinking from a lower level to higher one. Within yet another article, by GreatSchools’ Staff, they record of reasons behind the tests from federal and stat e governments. They believe that the government offers these tests as a way of ensuring all students meet the standard level of the expected grades. As a way of encouraging students to pass in their tests, the government introduced mandated tests. In addition, they publish the results of the mandated tests giving everyone, including teachers, parents and students, an opportunity to view them and contemplate on the way

Business Strategy Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Strategy Questions - Essay Example In many companies and organisations, however, this area of social responsibility is often not identified as a major or separate functional area; instead the responsibility is vested on an individual or managing staff, which frequently performs within the human resources management area. (Anderson, 1989, p. 15) Most companies find it no simple matter to formulate and implement socially responsible actions and programs; however, all companies must become concerned and involved in this area. To operate without major disruptions, a company must at all times be in compliance with legal requirements international, federal, state, and local. It must develop, establish, implement, and police a code of ethical and moral conduct for all members of its organisation. In the area of implementing activities on behalf of CSR, where there is considerably more latitude of operations in how, when, where, and even if the company or division wants to contribute money or other resources to 'worthy causes', the firm must deliberate about and resolve many questions prior to establishing fair and workable guidelines. Gone are the 'showing damn to public' attitudes once held by some companies. With a more active government and populace, company social responsibility in each of the three major areas has continued to gain greater concern and prominence over the past several decades. Social responsibility will continue to take more time, money, consideration, and concern in all future management decisions and actions. Diverse managerial skills, ranging from simple to highly complex, are required in all of these areas of social responsibility. It is the social and moral responsibility of an organisation to consider and recognise the rights or interests of various stakeholders first, not only stockholders and employees but also outsiders affected by the company's actions. Among outsiders include customers, suppliers, governments, unions, competitors, local communities, and the general public whereas stakeholder groups justifiably expect and often demand that the firm satisfy their claims in a responsible manner. In general, stockholders claim appropriate returns on their investment; employees seek broadly defined job satisfactions; customers want what they pay for; suppliers seek dependable buyers; unions seek benefit for their members; local communities want the company to be a responsible citizen; and the general public expects the company's existence to improve the quality of life. To be successful in today's business environment, which is dynamic and complex at the same time, organisations must attempt to incorporate t he interests of these groups when defining their strategy or making business decisions. (Sims, 2003, p. 40) To build an enduring and resilient competitive advantage, an organisation must establish strong relationships with all of its key stakeholders due to the fact that no organisations in today's infrastructure can afford to ignore certain other specialised and highly influential groups which include government agencies that look at organisation compliance with regulatory standards, financial-ratings

Occupational Health and Safety Hazard Material Management and Hazard Essay - 3

Occupational Health and Safety Hazard Material Management and Hazard Communications - Essay Example 74-79). OSHA regards a certain chemical as hazardous if can pose a health or physical hazard. A health hazard is one that can cause a chronic or acute health effect on someone. On the other hand, physical hazards may include compressed gasses, organic peroxides, combustible liquids, explosives, oxidizers, flammables, unstable chemicals and water reactive ones. Chemical importers and manufacturers have the obligation of evaluating chemicals in a bid to establish whether they pose health and physical hazards to people (Robinson & Bird, 2012, p. 74-79). The Hazard Communication Standard does not cover certain product categories. These are wood and wooden products, foods, cosmetics, drugs, and alcoholic beverages packaged and sold for personal consumption. Drugs that health care providers and pharmacies dispense for patient use are not included in the labeling requirement. This also applies to over-the-counter drugs not to forget those drugs that employees consume while at the workplace like aspirin or even first aid supplies. While wood and its products are exempt from the labeling requirements, wood dust is included since it is regarded as a hazardous chemical (Robinson & Bird, 2012, p.

EU’s Policy for Former Socialist States of Central Europe

EU’s Policy for Former Socialist States of Central Europe Josef Borocz on the Basis of the EU’s Policy Toward Former Socialist States of Central Europe Based on the Legacy of the Cold War Integration of Eastern Bloc states into the European Union (EU) has been markedly slow in comparison to its Western counterparts. Borocz and Larry Woolf assert that the stagnant, near-blocking motion of Western European-dominated organizations such as the EU carries with it a sociological, longue-duree contingent, identified by the historical and intellectual alienation of Eastern Bloc nations as a pervading â€Å"other† as perceived from the Age of Enlightenment. While there is significant merit to this argument, the geopolitical realities facing EU expansion throughout the continent outweigh the human facilities of traditional discrimination. With conflicted parties considering Turkey in the periphery of EU membership, the paradox of exclusion through minimal membership as outlined by Borocz and Woolf lends more toward matters of security and economic development rather than a notion as simplistic as the longue-duree facility of Eastern Europe as the â€Å"other.† Sch olars such as Gale Stokes contend that inclusion of the Eastern Bloc brings more than just European unity, adding the need for new defense strategies as well as trade systems, the incorporation of which would require a degree of phased membership so as not to disrupt the development of existing EU member state economies. After considering both proponent and contrarian arguments to the longue-duree assertions of Borocz and Woolf, it becomes evident that the geopolitical ramifications of full Eastern Bloc integration outweigh the possibility of traditional exclusion. Borocz states firmly that it would be a â€Å"mistake to attribute the European Union’s evident reluctance, condescension, and aversion vis-à  -vis one of its immediate neighbors solely to the recent legacy of the Cold War†[1]. Though the menace of Communism and the burgeoning global influence of the Soviet Union and its satellite contemporaries during the Cold War certainly harvested alienation from the capitalist West, the specter of Eastern Europe as the â€Å"other† existed long before Stalin began the ascension of the USSR as a world superpower. As Woolf states, â€Å"the intellectual structures of half a century are slow to efface themselves, but above all the idea of Eastern Europe is much older than the Cold War,† the distinction between East and West â€Å"produced as a work of cultural creation, intellectual artifice, and ideological self-interest and self-pronunciation†[2]. Borocz agrees, adding that â€Å"as critical work on the histor y of European ideas shows, a rational-Western self-image has produced, since the Enlightenment, the notion of ‘East Europeanness’ [sic] as a rudimentary, ‘rustic’ and low-scale version of itself†[3]. Where France, Germany, and England found themselves exploring philosophy, trade, and science, the common Western perception of the East developed as a darker side of Europe, one bordering the outside forces of Africa and Asia. All this developed despite the military action of nations such as Austria and Spain preventing the further advances of forces such as the Turks and the Moors, arguably leaving the remainder of Europe in the peace required to become â€Å"enlightened.† Such alienation, Woolf argues, gradually pushed Eastern Europe indirectly, lumping its association in such a way that Eastern Europe became an intermediary between Asia and Western Europe. The East was therein belittled further, diminished in intellectual capacity to the perceiv ed â€Å"barbarities† of the non-European world. The concept of the â€Å"East† was therefore manufactured intellectually by Western European nations, a manifestation of alienation due to the proximity to and exchange with non-European countries. Future â€Å"admission of the Hungarian (Polish, Czech, Slovene, etc) society to full membership in European Union as equal [sic] partners would thus require no less than the erasure and re-inscription of an over two-hundred year-old† image of West European identity construction,† a lofty goal to achieve in the relatively small period of time in which deliberation regarding membership would hence occur[4]. The human agent in such an action, the longue-duree proclivities of transcending centuries-old prejudice would therefore â€Å"involve reimagining [sic] the weaker, ignored, belittled scientifically and officially apprehended and described—hence objectified—other as a dynamic, inspiring, lively, a nd exciting partner characterized by a complex subjectivity†[5]. Such an adjustment in policy and personal perception would therefore facilitate the delay Borocz describes in his account of Hungarian attempts at EU membership. Adjustments of the aforementioned type paradoxically are warranted by existing Western European member states, not the Eastern state in question applying for EU membership. Borocz and Woolf speculate on the erstwhile definition of integration into the EU and the implications such an action would carry. Borocz concludes that the â€Å"essence of the European Union’s strategy vis-à  -vis the central and eastern European applicants is integration without inclusion, participation in the production systems, and appendance to the consumption markets of EU corporations without the attendant political, economical, social, and cultural rights conferred by European Union citizenship†[6]. That the Eastern Bloc is aware of this inequity suggests the a cceptance of said fact, returning the EU as an organization to a reincarnation of Enlightenment-era prejudice, exclusion, and exploitation. The concept of â€Å"Europeanness† here would be nominal at best, as Eastern Europe would be included at face value, never accepted as a contemporary of its Western counterpart. Appendini and Bislev argue in their Integration in NAFTA and the EU that the phenomenon of European integration is â€Å"reminiscent of the classical historical process of state and nation building† as perceived from â€Å"European history: a set of regulations being established for a territory (an expanding one, but at each moment precisely defined)†[7]. Contrary to Borocz’s observation of deliberate Western procrastination in the acceptance of Eastern membership, Appendini and Bislev suggest the vast requisite regulations which would ensure stable integration into the existing EU framework take time to implement, and suggest that the dismissal of the necessary implementation procedures would compromise the legitimacy of Eastern bloc membership, hence reducing membership to the aforementioned paradoxical state Woolf and Borocz describe. Most prominent among the issues faced by Western Europe were addressed by Denmark, who, despite descriptions of being â€Å"th e most knowledgeable and well-informed about European matters,† are â€Å"just about the most negatively inclined towards integration† owing to the question of â€Å"the welfare state, broadly defined†[8]. The relative economic underdevelopment of the Eastern Bloc, from a macro-economical standpoint, would beg the question of fiscal compromise on the part of Western member states. At which point would European integration serve existing members? The longue-duree aspect of political weight here manifests itself in the conceptualization of national discourse and the common interest formed by the EU. If the EU serves as a means to galvanize the continent in matters of policy and economic decision-making, at which point would Eastern European interests counterbalance and take precedence over the interests of Western Europe? The integration of Eastern member states would have to provide at the very least the potential to benefit existing Western members. Moving past fiscal issues brings to the forefront the question of protocol in the realm of geopolitical and global security realities. Gale Stokes suggests that â€Å"nation inclusion opens borders, creating the need for new defenses and changes in strategy†; for instance, â€Å"Poland and the Baltic nations are still redefining their defense strategies in the wake of the Warsaw Pact’s dissolution†[9]. The integration of most Eastern Bloc states would include the â€Å"onerous burden of having to create a new national defense policy,† conceivably overshadowed by the added weight of having to develop â€Å"national welfare and infrastructure building† to meet EU standards[10]. Were these nations able to achieve such goals independent of the EU, they would already have done so, begging the question of the true value of integration. In adopting Western Europe’s â€Å"particular set of basic values and beliefs† regarding â€Å"nationhood, popular sovereignty and democracy,† Eastern states would provide the Western EU members with added stresses, disrupting the function of an already uncertain establishment. From a security standpoint, Western states would be naturally apprehensive of the geopolitical changes and new threats that have emerged since the Cold War; in this sense, Borocz’s assertions of Western hesitation would be justified. The conflict in Bosnia, for example, is a quintessential example of the types of wars that deter â€Å"most aligned countries from seeking† full integration, as Western Europe was intent at the end of WWII to avoid such â€Å"explosive territorial, ethnic, or religious conflicts†[11]. Lengthy but legitimizing measures such as the temporal associate-member status of the Eastern Bloc are regulations asserted to be â€Å"superior to others†; legitimacy can only be attempted through the â€Å"decision-making mechanisms established† in existing EU membership protocol[12]. Gale Stokes notes Lithuanian Defense Minister Andrius Butkevicius’ hierarchy of threats, citing: â€Å"†¦instability in the former USSR, followed by ethno-religious and territorial conflicts, followed by crime and industrial disasters. With the threat of high-intensity conflicts unlikely in the short run, nations face subtler threats, including disaster-relief operations, peace operations, international crime and drug trafficking, illegal migration, and terrorism. The escalation of such threats to regional conflicts is a threat to long-term security [for the EU as a whole]†[13]. Since Borocz crafted his article, various Eastern Bloc nations have begun their integration into the EU. Their experiences, however, should be duly noted in modern issues such as Turkish ascension and the political ramifications of European inclusion of states such as Serbia and Croatia. Assertions of longue-duree such as those intimated by Borocz and Woolf are not necessarily negated by Eastern admittance (albeit partial) to the EU; the potential still exists for furthered exploitation, as full membership is contingent on Western attitudes and political action. Theoretically speaking, Eastern nations are never fully guaranteed equality in such integration; ironically, unity seems to be a concept extending only to those who have the political and economical clout to take the steps to make it a reality. The modicum of exclusion still existing in the minds of Western Europe limit the EU’s scope and function, as it â€Å"is probably not going to be a nation-state in the classica l sense† owing to the â€Å"fragmented and disperse elements of European identities† preventing the assembly of â€Å"anything resembling even a modest version of a national identity†[14]. The â€Å"associate membership† Borocz describes still has the potential to retard the EU’s abilities to function as a cohesive whole[15]. While the policies of the EU may not be largely based on an isolated perception of the Cold War Eastern Bloc nations, the essence of the EU strategy remains integration without full inclusion, the fact remains that a degree of inequity will pervade the EU’s future functions and day-to-day dealings on the global stage. The degree of integration and the increment steps coerced upon Eastern member ascension therefore remains in the eye of the beholder, so to speak; for the optimist daring to believe in the potential of integration, the inequity of the present is attributed to a genuine concern for the future. To the cynic, however, the remarkably slow process of integration and Western Europe’s modern policies smack of the prejudiced perceptions of old. BIBLIOGRAPHY Appendini, Kirsten A. and Sven Bislev (eds). (1999) Integration in NAFTA and the EU:Deficient Institutionality. Basingstoke: Hampshire Palgrave Macmillan. Borocz, Josef. (2000) â€Å"The fox and the raven: the European Union and Hungaryrenegotiate the margins of ‘Europe,’† pp. 77-83. Goldman, Minton F. (1997) Revolution and Change in Central and Eastern Europe:Political, Economic, and Social Challenges. Armonk: ME Sharpe, Inc. Nabli, Mustapha K. (1999) Financial Integration, Vulnerabilities to Crisis, and EUAccession in Five Central European Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank P. Schimmelfennig, Frank. (2003) The EU, NATO, and the Integration of Europe: Rulesand Rhetoric. Cambridge: Cambridge U P. Stokes, Gale. (1998) Annual Survey of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union1997, The Challenge of Integration. Armonk: ME Sharpe, Inc. Tang, Helena. (2000) Winners and Losers in EU Integration: Policy Issues for Centraland Eastern Europe. Washington, DC: World Bank P. Woolf, Larry. (1994) pp. 1-6. 1 Footnotes [1] Borocz 2000, p. 79 [2] Woolf 1994, p. 1 [3] Ibid [4] Borocz 2000, p. 81 [5] Ibid [6] Borocz 2000, pp. 81-82 [7] Appendini and Bislev 1999, p. 126 [8] Ibid [9] Stokes 1998, p. 130 [10] Ibid [11] Ibid [12] Appendini and Bislev 1999, p. 126 [13] Stokes 1998, p. 131 [14] Appendini and Bislev 1999, p. 126 [15] Borocz 2000, pp. 81-82

Sleep Essay -- Sleeping Health Sleep Essays

Sleep â€Å"The worst thing in the world is to try to sleep and not to, then forcing oneself to stay awake for days on end must surely come a close second.† -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  F Scott Fitzgerald We spend one third of our lives doing it, and yet, some of us never seem to be able to get enough. People all over the world don’t receive enough sleep whether it’s from a medical condition like narcolepsy, or simply not having enough time in a day. The effects of getting a good night’s rest are essential and signs of sleep depravation are not as hard to spot as one may think. Sleep can be compared to quicksand, ignore it and you’ll find yourself trapped. It will take over you’re body and if you try to fight it, the more it wins. The effects of not receiving enough sleep are not uncommon. Sleep depravation has been used throughout history and is common as a form of torture in many POW camps (Victims of Sleep Depravation). Countries, including the United States have used this method to extract information from prisoners. It leaves no physical markings but its psychological effects can be very harmful. Victims will literally go crazy. Those who have gone through it say that no sleep is even worse than starvation. The number of people who suffer from a lack of sleep is growing. This is largely contributed to the increased popularity of late night TV and use of the internet. How many of us can honestly say that we turned the television off in the middle of our favorite show so that we may go to bed at a reasonable hour? While driving a lack of sleep can be just as harmful, if not more, than driving while drunk.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We had three of our grandchildren in the back seat. They were singing and the radio was blasting and he went off the road. He said he was all right. I was going to drive, but he said I’m fine, I’m fine. The next day I called the doctor.† (Sleep Apnea) Almost half of Americans drive while drowsy. One out of every five drivers actually had to pull over and take a nap. Compared to alcohol, which only slows you’re reflexes, driving while drowsy makes the driver completely unaware of his or her surroundings. This can be extremely dangerous for motorists especially truckers, who more often than not, drive late into the night. (Drowsiness on motorists) Adults are not the only ones effected by a lack of sleep. A one-year-old baby will sleep 16 out of the 24 ... ...p Apnea. 2 February 2004. http://www.sleepnet.com/sleepapnea.html. Narcolepsy Information. 2 February 2004. http://www.sleepnet.com/narcolepsy.html. Don’t Go To Bed Yet. 2 February 2004.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.sleepfoundation.org/publications/travel.cfm. Amphetamines. 23 February 2004.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://corp.aadac.com/drugs/beyond/amphetamines.asp. Got Caffeine? 23 February 2004. http://www.sleepfoundation.org/caffeine.cfm. Study Confirms Sleep Essential for Creativity. 2 March 2004.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.cnn.com/2004/HEALTH/01/21/sleep.creativity.ap/ Depressants. 10 March 2004. http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/concern/depressants.html Night Fever. 10 March 2004.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/feature/story/0,13026,1117085,00.html The Real Victims of sleep Depravation. 10 March 2004.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/3376951.stm Insomnia. 10 March 2004.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://yalenewhavenhealth.org/Library/HealthGuide/IllnessConditions/topic.asp?hwid=uh1001 Kunz, Jeffrey, and Asher Finkel, ed. The American Medical Association Family   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Medical Guide. New York: Random House, Inc. 1987. Stern, Jack, David Carroll. The Home Medical Handbook. New York: David Carroll,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1987. Sleep Essay -- Sleeping Health Sleep Essays Sleep â€Å"The worst thing in the world is to try to sleep and not to, then forcing oneself to stay awake for days on end must surely come a close second.† -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  F Scott Fitzgerald We spend one third of our lives doing it, and yet, some of us never seem to be able to get enough. People all over the world don’t receive enough sleep whether it’s from a medical condition like narcolepsy, or simply not having enough time in a day. The effects of getting a good night’s rest are essential and signs of sleep depravation are not as hard to spot as one may think. Sleep can be compared to quicksand, ignore it and you’ll find yourself trapped. It will take over you’re body and if you try to fight it, the more it wins. The effects of not receiving enough sleep are not uncommon. Sleep depravation has been used throughout history and is common as a form of torture in many POW camps (Victims of Sleep Depravation). Countries, including the United States have used this method to extract information from prisoners. It leaves no physical markings but its psychological effects can be very harmful. Victims will literally go crazy. Those who have gone through it say that no sleep is even worse than starvation. The number of people who suffer from a lack of sleep is growing. This is largely contributed to the increased popularity of late night TV and use of the internet. How many of us can honestly say that we turned the television off in the middle of our favorite show so that we may go to bed at a reasonable hour? While driving a lack of sleep can be just as harmful, if not more, than driving while drunk.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We had three of our grandchildren in the back seat. They were singing and the radio was blasting and he went off the road. He said he was all right. I was going to drive, but he said I’m fine, I’m fine. The next day I called the doctor.† (Sleep Apnea) Almost half of Americans drive while drowsy. One out of every five drivers actually had to pull over and take a nap. Compared to alcohol, which only slows you’re reflexes, driving while drowsy makes the driver completely unaware of his or her surroundings. This can be extremely dangerous for motorists especially truckers, who more often than not, drive late into the night. (Drowsiness on motorists) Adults are not the only ones effected by a lack of sleep. A one-year-old baby will sleep 16 out of the 24 ... ...p Apnea. 2 February 2004. http://www.sleepnet.com/sleepapnea.html. Narcolepsy Information. 2 February 2004. http://www.sleepnet.com/narcolepsy.html. Don’t Go To Bed Yet. 2 February 2004.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.sleepfoundation.org/publications/travel.cfm. Amphetamines. 23 February 2004.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://corp.aadac.com/drugs/beyond/amphetamines.asp. Got Caffeine? 23 February 2004. http://www.sleepfoundation.org/caffeine.cfm. Study Confirms Sleep Essential for Creativity. 2 March 2004.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.cnn.com/2004/HEALTH/01/21/sleep.creativity.ap/ Depressants. 10 March 2004. http://www.usdoj.gov/dea/concern/depressants.html Night Fever. 10 March 2004.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/feature/story/0,13026,1117085,00.html The Real Victims of sleep Depravation. 10 March 2004.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/3376951.stm Insomnia. 10 March 2004.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://yalenewhavenhealth.org/Library/HealthGuide/IllnessConditions/topic.asp?hwid=uh1001 Kunz, Jeffrey, and Asher Finkel, ed. The American Medical Association Family   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Medical Guide. New York: Random House, Inc. 1987. Stern, Jack, David Carroll. The Home Medical Handbook. New York: David Carroll,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1987.

Censorship on Huckleberry Finn, Argument and Counterargument Essay

Time and time again art has been criticized for being too vulgar and expressive, Mark Twain was one of these individuals who participated in art, he was raised in the generation where slavery was common and racial slurs were frequently used. So to criticized and censor his work for writing what he grew up knowing would be like punishing Huck Finn for stealing things from others when he was told it was borrowing all his life by his pa â€Å"Pap always said it warn’t no harm to borrow things if you was meaning to pay them back some time; but the widow said it warn’t anything but a soft name for stealing, and no decent body would do it† (Chp. 12 Pg, 49). I strongly disagree with the fact that people want to ‘update and improve’ the classic â€Å"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† because it uses a term that is found offensive frequently in todays generation. My problem with this posse that wants to change the wording of the book is that, their bigge st concern to why they want to change the word â€Å"nigger† to â€Å"slave† is that they’re doing for the children, trying to make it more comfortable for them to read and protecting the youth from frowned upon terms. If this is their concern then why are they singling out books and classics from decades ago, why not focus on the books being published now with the terms â€Å"whore† â€Å"slut† or â€Å"trailer trash† in it? To me those are equally offensive terms. John Foley once said that he thinks â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† Harper Lee’s classic about racial inequality in the Deep South, and John Steinbeck’s â€Å"Of Mice and Men†(Source A) should be removed from the curriculum for similar reasons† all because they show the reader the time gap between the setting of the writing and the present of today even though in the beginning of all books they tell you what time frame the story is held in â€Å"SC ENE: The Mississippi Valley; TIME: Forty to Fifty Years Ago† (Page 0). Now I can see why some might want these books (Huck Finn, Of Mice and Men, and To Kill a Mockingbird) removed from curriculum, yes I do believe that Twain used the term â€Å"nigger† a few times to many, â€Å"the N-word appears 219 times in Huck Finn† (Source C). Children or even young adults should not be exposed to the vulgar terms and racial slurs that were used in the past. Isn’t the whole point of evolution is to change over time? What good comes from exposing our youth to the past that we all know America is not fond of? Don’t we want our youth to know that these terms are not acceptable in today’s society or the future? When these books make it sound like it was just a little friendly nickname. This is why I feel like students and parents should be given the choice as to whether they want them to read books such as these. We do it for movies at the beginning of every school year, why not do it with books also?

Is SAT Word of the Day Really a Good Way to Study Vocab

Is SAT Word of the Day Really a Good Way to Study Vocab SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips How do you learn new words, especially big ones like "obstreperous" and "percipient" that you don't often hear in daily conversation? Do you pore over long lists, make flash cards, or focus on one or two at a time? For those playing the long game, SAT Word of the Day sites and email lists can be useful resources for gradually building your vocabulary over time. This guide will point you to the best sources of SAT Word of the Day and give you some strategies for how to use them effectively. First, why might you want to study vocabulary this way? IsSAT Word of the Day Effective? Using SAT Word of the Day to build your vocabulary is effective in a gradual way, but I wouldn't necessarily recommend it as the only vocab studying you do to prepare for the SAT. It's a good way to start early, learn new words, and insert a little bit of SAT prep into your routine on a daily basis. That being said, SAT Word of the Day probably doesn't substitute for more extensive studying. Let's take a look at the pros and cons for studying SAT words in this way. Pros ofSAT Word of the Day Like a trickle of water filling up a bowl, learning a word a day can build up to a great deal of knowledge if you sustain it over time.It's a low-pressure, stress-free way to start SAT prep early, rather than cramming a lot of words at once and struggling to retain them. You could start freshman year and spend just 5 minutes a day learning a word's definitionand how that word isused in different contexts. Have you ever noticed how you learn a new word or fun fact for the first time and suddenly start seeing it everywhere? This "Baeder-Meinhof Phenomenon" could happen with new SAT words, too. You'll start to notice (and should be on the lookout for) SAT wordswhen you're reading books, blogs, or the news. This will both aid your long-term retention of the vocab and help you understandif a givenword has various uses and connotations. Widening your vocabulary is not just useful for the SAT, but also for your own writing, reading, and work throughout high school and college. Finally, SAT Word of the Dayalso serves as a daily reminder to stick to your overall test prep schedule. Incorporating a word a day or an SAT Question of the Day orients you towards learning and building your skills and understanding on a daily basis. While SAT Word of the Day is useful for building up your vocabulary and retaining new words over time, what are some downsides to this approach to studying? Cons of SAT Word of the Day Perhaps the most obvious question aboutusing SAT Word of the Day is whether it teaches you enough to really be effective. Since you're only focusing on one word each day, you'd have to start a long time in advance of your SAT test to learn enough words. If you don't keep reviewing and referring back to words, you might forget those you learned several months or a year ago. While you're studying a word a day in theory, likely you would end up studying more to review ones that you've already learned. Another downside to SAT Word of the Day is that it could bemore of a passive than an active approach. You're learning a word, but not necessarily putting it in context of the SAT and applying it to real SAT questions. Thus you would want to be proactive andcouple yourstudying with answering sample questions and ensuring that you can demonstrate what you've learned on SAT passage-based and sentence completion questions. How effective studying with SAT Word of the Day is also varies from student to student and depends on their individual learning style and focus. This approach may appeal more to you if you like spreading out your test prep over a sustained period of time, but may not be your preferred mode if you like to bunch up studying and focus intensively on more material at the same time. In order to get the most use out of SAT Word of the Day, you want to use high quality resources, just as you should with the rest of your SAT prep. Read on for my suggestions of the best sources for SAT Word of the Day. Where Can You Find SAT Words of the Day? You can track down high quality SAT Words of the Day on various websites, as well as sign up for daily emails. For further reinforcement, you could also choose to create your own word of the day flashcards by writing down vocabulary, definitions, and examples from SAT vocabulary lists. Below are my suggestions for the best websites and email lists. New York Times SAT Vocabulary The New York Times learning blog has an SAT Word the Day 7 days a week. It gives you SAT words anddefinitions, as well as an example of how eachword is used in a sentence. What I like about this blog is that it links you to all the New York Times articles that have used that word. This lets you gain a sense of how it's used in various contexts, which is especially helpful for passage-based vocabulary questions on the current SAT, as well as the more context-based vocabulary questions that will appear on the new SAT in 2016. Plus you can learn about current events and editorials, which might be useful to draw uponwhen it comes time to write your SAT essay. To access these words you have to visit the site. Unfortunately they don't have an email option or a phone app that you could download. You can follow the New York Times learning blogs on Twitter, but not specifically the SAT Word of the Day. Number2.com Word of the Day On this straightforward site, you can find an SAT vocabulary word, definition, and one example. Unlike the New York Times blog, this site doesn't give you additional examples of the vocabulary in context. You could do your own searches, along with keeping an eye out for words you're learning in your reading. If you prefer to have daily vocabulary emailed to you, you can sign up for the email lists of any of the sites below. Get Emailed SAT Word of the Day These sites are all comparable to one another. They will email you a vocabulary word, definition, and example sentence every day. Again, it would be up to you to seek out the new vocabulary in other contexts beyond the one sentence example. SAT Daily (this site also has a texting option) Test Magic SAT Word of the Day SAT Hot Words SAT Words Daily Signing up for an email or texting list is an easy way to keep up with the word a day. Just don't let the emails pile up in your inbox! Finally, you could also create your own vocabulary lists and words of the day on paper or online. One site that's useful for this kind of self-directed studying is Quizlet. Make Your Own SAT Word of the Day Quizlet has some useful preexisting SAT vocabulary lists that you could use to create your own flashcards. You can also upload your own lists and practice that way, perhaps to review words of the day that you studied in the past. If you have an iPad or tablet, you can also play vocabulary matching games and time yourself as you review. If you start studying vocabulary in freshman year for just five minutes a day, then you could really grow your language skills over time. To make the most of your prep, use high quality resources that access the most commonly tested SAT vocabulary words. The best way to retain words and have a complex understanding is to read them in various contexts and take note when they appear in your reading. You could even try working it into conversation or your texts, though you might cause some confusionif you start throwing words like "assiduous" and "perfidious"around. Rather than only passively reading through definitions, actively search these words out and couple your studying with answering SAT practice passage-based and sentence completion vocabulary questions. At the same time, it's important to note that this focus on vocabulary might actually be more relevant for the current version of the SAT than the redesigned one rolling out in 2016. The new SAT has less of a focus on "big" words and more focus on relatively common words that might be presentedin an unusual way.Below is a quick review of the changes as they relate to vocabulary. How Important is Vocabulary for the New SAT? If you're taking the new SAT, you might consider readjusting your approach to studying SAT vocabulary. The new SAT is deemphasizing these common SAT words, and shaping questions around more accessible words, like "intense" and "maintain," that might have different connotations in different sentences. Instead of stand-alone sentence completion questions, the vocabulary questionswill be more passage-based. If you're taking the current version of the SAT, then SAT Words of the Day are still a very useful tool for building your vocabulary and learning the words you'll need to achieve strong scores on the Critical Reading section. If you're taking the newer version, you might still benefit from the SAT Word of the Day, but should focus on connotation and context and not worry too much about particularly obscure words. By learning more about what skills the new SAT will test, you can reshape your prep and continue to use older practice materials effectively. With SAT Word of the Day and all your test prep, you'll be best served by reflecting on your learning style and uncovering the tactic that works best for you. How Do You Learn New Words? As with all aspects of studying for the SAT, reflect on how you learn and retain information and customizeyour study plan to best help you improve. Even if you're someone who likes to bunch up studying, SAT Words of the Day can be a useful tool, especially if you start early. Even though I gave several options of websites and email lists above, the "word of the day" is meant to be just that, a single vocabulary word that you examine and incorporate on a daily basis.With this approach, it's better to prioritize quality of words, definitions, and examples over quantity. Pick just one of those resources (or two, if you really want) and stick with it. Pay attention to how it's used, where you can find it, and how it helps express a thought or idea. Even if only a fraction of the words you learn actually show up on your official SAT tests, you'll still have advanced your language and sharpened your reading, writing, and communication skills. Plus you can impress your friends and family with your ever expanding repertoire of impressive vocabulary. What's Next? Besides Word of the Day, you might also be learning a lot of SAT vocabularyat the same time. Learn about the "waterfall method" of studying SAT words and definitions. Do you have a choice between taking the current version of the SAT and the new SAT? Read about the differences and how to decide between the two here. Gunning for a top SAT score? Read our guide on how to get a perfect SAT score. Learn how to get an 800 on SAT Reading, SAT Math, and SAT Writing. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

owen meany essays

owen meany essays In the novel, A Prayer for Owen Meany, by John Irving, Owen Meanys belief of predestination makes a significant impact on John Wheelwrights emotional stability as an adult. John Wheelwright is unhealthily bitter and angry about his past experiences because he clings to a past that never lets him choose. This bitterness fuels his repugnance towards the United States and the Reagan administration, because he understands that everything is in fact predestined just as Owen Meany had believed and he feels helpless because there is nothing he can do to change the course of events in life. The death and responsibility of Johns mothers death fell into the hands of Owen Meany and John can never accept that it was Owens fate to kill Johns mother. The Vietnam War was completely out of Johns hands to control being a young adult and all, and the fact that eventually the war indirectly took the life of his best friend, for this he feels helplessly responsible and angry. Into adulthood, John becomes bitter towards the United States and its catastrophic news because he knows it is all destined to happen, and like everything else in his life, he has no control or power to change anything. The death of Johns mother, Tabitha Wheelwright, was out of Johns control and the job is predestined to be executed by Owen. Her death falls into Owens hands because as he believes one night after an atrocious fever, that he had interrupted the Angel of Death. Because of this, the task was then placed on him so that he would be the one to kill Tabitha Wheelwright. In Owens opinion, he had INTERUPTED AN ANGEL, he had DISTURBED AN ANGEL AT WORK, he had UPSET THE SCHEME OF THINGS.- The Angel, pg. 102 Owen convinced himself that the reason he was used to kill Johns mom is because he is an instrument of God and that God had taken away Owens hands because he is helplessly under...

Efficient Market Hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Efficient Market Hypothesis - Essay Example On the other hand, the semi-strong form of efficient market hypothesis assumes that the stock prices fully reflect and represent the public information, mentioning and indicating that the fundamental analysis would not bring the yield of superior risk-adjusted returns. The strong-form of efficient market hypothesis is based on the assumption that the prices of securities reflect both private and public information, highlighting and indicating that the investors would be able to earn higher risk-adjusted returns. But, these three forms of efficient market hypothesis have proved some serious limitations. And these serious limitations proved their existence in the year of 1987 when the event of market crash occurred. Is it possible to rationally explain the causes of the market crash of 1987? Is it appropriate to say that markets were efficient enough to represent the prices of stocks in the required way? But, that was not end of it; rather they continued to be part of the finance histo ry. In the year of 1990, the Internet Bubble totally invalidated the rationale behind the use and application of efficient market hypothesis. On the basis of hindsight, it is clearly evident that the equity valuation, which normally heavily depends on the unpredictable and uncertain future predications, was based on irrationality and irrational and unsupportable claims. After that part, its implications in terms of validity and applicability of this theory would be critically accounted for.... In the year of 1990, the Internet Bubble totally invalidated the rationale behind the use and application of efficient market hypothesis. On the basis of hindsight, it is clearly evident that the equity valuation, which normally heavily depends on the unpredictable and uncertain future predications, was based on irrationality and irrational and unsupportable claims. In the subsequent parts of this piece of work, first the concept and theory of efficient market hypothesis would be clearly explained and highlighted. After that part, its implications in terms of validity and applicability of this theory would be critically accounted for. Definition__________________________________________ An efficient capital market is defined as a capital market in which the current price of a share or stock fully and totally represents and reflects all the stock or share related information, including the information of risk (Schweser, 2004). Furthermore, an informationally efficient capital market i s defined as a capital market in which a price of security or stock rapidly and fast adjusts as soon as a new piece of related information is arrived. This piece of definition of an efficient capital market hypothesis is based on certain assumptions, and they are: First, a considerable number of participants, who are there to increase profit or returns on stocks, tend to understand and analyse and and give value to stocks and securities, and these participants are independent of each other. Second, any piece of new information appears in a capital market in a random fashion; and pieces of information are also announced independent of each other with regard to timing as well. Third, securities and stocks investors and fund managers quickly and rapidly start estimating the prices of

Why did Republican Arizona lawmakers pass SB 1070 at this particular Essay

Why did Republican Arizona lawmakers pass SB 1070 at this particular time OR Why has the economy not yet fully recovered from the recession, in spite of the government stimulus package - Essay Example ollowing measures of production; investment spending, gross domestic product (GDP), household incomes, capacity utilization, inflation, and business profits. Often recession occurs when spending falls following adverse supply recessions. Since recession has adverse effects such as increased rates of unemployment, reduced business profitability, and negative social effects like family instability, most countries usually put measures in place to prevent it from occurring. In the event that it occurs, governments usually respond by adopting macroeconomic policies such as decreasing taxation, increasing government spending, and increasing money supply (Samuelson and Nordhaus 14- 15). Since the recent recession began in late 2007, the United States economy is yet to recover fully from it. This is despite numerous efforts by the government such as the economic stimulus package. There have been debates among scholars, economists, government officials, policy makers, and the public on what could be the reasons behind delay in recovery despite the fact that government has put efforts towards recovery such as the stimulus package. The debates have been stirred further by the fact that other large economies such as China recovered long time ago and are on the path of growth. Besides, there are worries that even though US has witnessed various minor and two major recessions since its independence, the most recent recession may be the longest to recover from and the most difficult in US history (Whoriskey 1). All major measures of the health of the economy namely industrial production, employment, output, and incomes still indicate that US is yet to recover fully and tha t the growth has been significantly weak despite the fact that, technically, the recovery begun in June 2009 (Rampell 1). This concern has captured the attention of Barrack Obama, the US president and has been on record saying on 6th August 2011 that he acknowledges the challenge and that the country’s urgent

Offer & Acceptance Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Offer & Acceptance - Article Example McKendrick E. (2007) defines offer as offer is an expression of willingness to enter in to contract on certain terms. It must be made with the intention that it will become binding upon acceptance. There must be no further negotiations or discussions required [Storer v Manchester City Council,1 Gibson v Manchester City Council2]. In Storer the Court of Appeal establish that there was a binding contract. Here the fact that the ABC noticed in newsletter that will pay '500 to anyone who runs in and complete at least five races sponsored by the British Distance Running Association. According to Partridge v Crittenden3 normally advertisement is an invitation to treat for a bilateral contract but here ABC put notice in its newsletter. However, in Carlill v Carbolic Smock Ball Company4 decided that advertisement was a unilateral offer. It also held that advertisement was not an invitation to treat but was an offer to the whole world and that a contract was made with those persons who perfor med the condition 'on the faith of the advertisement'. In Bowerman v ABTA5 it is likely that a court would find that the advertisement was an offer. So it can be assumed that ABC made a valid offer. Now it needs to consider whether the offer has been accepted or not by Fast Fred, Swift Sally and Heavy Harry. McKendrick E. (2007) defines acceptance that an acceptance is an unqualified expression of assent to the terms proposed by the offeror. An offer is effective when it is communicated to the offeree. Proof of an offer to enter in to legal relations upon definite terms must be followed by the production of evidence from which the courts may infer an intention by the offeree to accept that offer. The acceptance can be made by words or by conduct. However, the communication of the acceptance is important. The general rule is that an acceptance must be communicated to the offeror. This is strict requirement. It must actually be brought to the notice of the offeror. It is for the offeree to ensure that communication has been made Powell v Lee. The general rule is that acceptance is not effective until it is communicated to the offeror and the acceptance cannot be made through sile nce. In Felthouse v Bindley6 the offeror cannot waive communication if that would be to the detriment of the offeree. In Brogden v Metropolitan Railway Company7, where the offeree accepted the offer by performance. Acceptance occurs when the offeree's words or conduct give rise to objective inference that the offeree assents to the offeree's terms. It is a vital question whether Emilio's initiatives has been treated as specific performance. The first involves Fast Fred who had run in four BDRA races. Acceptance required to complete at least five races. He voted against the Fat Slob party and he immediately cancelled his entry in the remaining BDRA races for the year. So no contract has been formed between the ABC and Fast Fred. McKendrick E. (2005) said that to be a valid acceptance two things must be considered these are the facts of acceptance and Communication of acceptance. However, if courts consider Brogden v Metropolitan Railway Company then performance is enough to form a contract. Swift Sally wanted to comply the condition and had run in the three BDRA races. Here she accepted the off

Cynthia Morris Essay Example for Free

Cynthia Morris Essay There is a quote that says: Mothers are angels who teach their children how to fly. Indeed my mother was an angel who in my younger years I thought was sent here to torture me especially when I wanted to hang out with my friends instead of doing chores or homework. My mother was the pillar of strength, love, and compassion. Mothers may be misunderstood but that doesn’t mean they don’t care or know better. My earliest memories of my mother, was her pretty face, beautiful smile, and small frame. To me she was the most beautiful woman on earth and nothing compared to her. Even though she was unlike the celebrity moms who wore designer clothes and ate in fancy restaurants, my mother was very real. My mother was a very small, petite woman who you did not want to cross. I loved the way she combed her hair. I loved the way she would play with my hair or rub my legs after a track meet even when I smelled like sweat. On the incidents that my siblings and I crossed my mother her big brown eyes would squint with disapproval. But I came to love that about her. When those brown eyes started to squint it meant you had done something wrong. Even though there were seven children my mother never played favorites. But rather, made appoint to be fair and equal with all of her children. Whenever I admitted to making a mistake, Mom would not hesitate to point it out to me, and punish me if needed. At times I detested it but over time I came to realize that Mom did that because she had my best interests at heart. She was never one to hold grudges for long. Like most mothers, my mother was very protective of me that often times I resented her for being so. I did not understand why she had to constantly ask about my whereabouts: Who I was with and where I was going. It never occurred to me that this was an essential part of being a mother. A mother cares and worries for her children. My mother taught me that getting reprimanded did not mean she loved me less. On the contrary, she showed me that when she scolded me, it meant she cared and worried about me. Mother certainly had her own flaws but I came to accept, in fact love every bit of them. When she called me non-stop, it was because she missed me or needed something or I had made her angry about something. Some may have called it nagging, I call it loving. For a person to wear her heart on her sleeves is a vulnerable thing, my mother was never vulnerable. In fact she was very strong. She never backed off in a fight especially if she knew she was right but she also knew how to compromise too. But compromising for her did not mean that you were wrong. Compromising was just another way of getting things done – later. When I started school, mom was my ally. To me, school was a world were ghosts and bad guys lurked. Instead of laughing at my fears, my mother showed me instead how great school was. My first day of school, she prepared my favorite snacks and walked me to school. Instead of leaving me at the gate, she walked me to the door, knelt down and told me: â€Å"Don’t worry, everything will be ok†. Although these words are pretty naà ¯ve, to a child on her first day of school, these words were more than enough for me. I went to school that day knowing that Mom was there for me and I learned to enjoy school. I made a few friends and introduced them to my mother who was more than happy to give us cookies and milk for snacks. Although my mother was a stay at home mom, she taught us how important an education was. Mother also taught us the value of relationships. This was evident in her relationship with my Dad. She was married to him for over 40 years before she passed and that for me was not just a manifestation of an enduring love for a person but of trust and fidelity as well. I am hoping that I can do the same in my relationship. Being married to the same person for over 40 years is not a mean feat. It takes a lot of patience and understanding to do this every day. Our generation today does not seem to realize the importance of maintaining a relationship. I, on the other hand, would want to be like my mother. I want to have a long lasting relationship with my partner just like my mother did with my father. I know my mother is not perfect. She had flaws too. But for me, those flaws were tiny imperfections that made her all the more lovable and perfect. Those flaws just made her humanity more evident. My mother was and now is an angel who taught me to fly and dream.

Transportation and Distribution Management

Transportation and Distribution Management Transportations and distribution industry plays an important role in bridging the gap between the producer and the consumer. Forms of transportation available include air, water, rail and land. The transport industry is one of the driving forces for economic development. The cost of transportation is a major cost that all firms in this industry would like to reduce (Markowitz, 2011). The economic benefits of reducing transportation cost are notable and are a direct way of improving profits for any firm. According to Hines (2004) the question of how to reduce these cost remain one of the constantly explored by many transportation firms. Each firm desires to develop an effective strategy to reduce the costs. Distributions is important since it ensures production and needs are in balanced thus it is an important part of the economy. Moving products from producers to the consumers regionally, nationally and internationally can account for more than half of the total cost of the products. Therefore, the management of transportation and distribution should focus on the economic aspects (Rodrigue, et al. 2010). Efficiency and effectiveness of the transport system is vital in reducing the costs. Subsequently, management of the operations includes analysis of the costs of everything involved. Operations administration is carried out depending on the nature of the products or services that the organization is dealing in. Discussion and Analysis On 31 November 1981, I and five other partners came together and initiated a privately own a transport company Swift world transport Ltd. The company provides innovative, cost effective and reliable transportation of food products. Swift world transport Ltd specializes in food products shipment and carriage between various states and towns. After realizing that an opportunity exists in coordinating of food products, we launched a strategy to fill the void. Our trucks and carriers deliver food products to one destination and return with another load to another destination. The company desires not only to meet customerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s expectations but also to exceed it every time. Currently we have over 500 trucks operating around five states. Since transport costs account for a considerable portion of the selling price of food products, we put emphasis on making smart economic decision (Rodrigue, et al. 2010). Swift world transport Ltd. Deals with a wide range of food products. The products range from cereals, soft drinks, biscuits and cookies, baked goods, ready meals and frozen foods. Other products that we transport in smaller quantities include dairy products, honey and seafood. Swift world transport Ltd. Is ISO-certified and will be celebrating 30 years in existence late this year. Though the company began from humble beginnings, it has grown to be one of the market leaders in transportation of food products. It has more than 300 employees and is strategically located with its head office in New York. Swift world transport Ltd upholds integrity and abides by the rules and regulations in the transport industry (Markowitz, 2011). At Swift world transport Ltd we value the customers hence we use the latest technology and equipments in handling the products to meet customerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s needs of quality. We have refrigeration services to keep perishable products from being spoilt. The ministry of health officials has approved our warehouses as safe for storage of edible products. Our trucks are monitored via satellite hence we have an error free billing system (Rodrigue, et al. 2010). Swift world transport Ltd. Has three main departments. The first department deals with the transport infrastructure. These include the trucks and the sea vessels. The second department includes the food handling facilities such as refrigerators and warehouses. Finally, the last department ensures that there is always adequate supply of the products depending on the demand. Physical distribution involves the transportation of the food products from the various sources to the customers. The manager directing the physical distribution has the responsibility of assessing and controlling the cost of transport. He is also charged with the responsibility of ensuring the most efficient way of storing them. This in some cases may require warehouses hence inventory control. A manager should thus ensure that the right goods arrive at the proper destination in the right condition and to the correct client. As explained by Halldorsson et al. (2003) the goods should be in the right quantity. The transportation strategy adopted by the Swift world transport Ltd swiftly responds to all aspects of our operations with priority on customers and suppliers. The strategy acknowledges customer requirements as an important aspect of all its activities. The supply chain is a involves movement of products from suppliers to the customer. The transportation activities should focus on meeting customer needs. Transportation and shipment must therefore progress according to the timings (Rodrigue, et al. 2010). Customers require that products be delivered at their premises on a particular day and time. This needs to be accomplished in order to provide customer satisfaction. Being able to meet these deadlines has given Swift world transport Ltd a competitive advantage over other firms. The size of our firm also causes our customers to trust in our ability to be reliable. They believe that small firms are not reliable. Comparing performance is important for the firm to know how well our stra tegies are working (Larson, Halldorsson, 2004). In order to remain economically sound, we measure our expenses every now and then in order to have tight control over them. Estimation of general expenses and freight costs assists the company in budgeting. A supply chain is a system that brings organizations, people, information and other resources in bridging the gap by ensuring that goods and services move from supplier to consumers. Supply chains ensure that goods are delivered to the end user. The management of a supply chain involves planning and management of activities ranging from sourcing, procurement and the logistics. At Swift world transport Ltd. coordination and collaboration with the suppliers and customers and other third party service providers is our priority. The company has created a supply chain that integrates all activities with the main responsibility of linking our suppliers and the customers (Rodrigue, et al. 2010). A model of a supply chain begins from receiving the products from producers and suppliers and ends with the delivering to the consumer. Swift world transport Ltd adopted the model whose framework is developed on business processes that are not only cross firm but also cross functional. A team manage s the cross-functional processes with representatives from purchasing, finance, logistics and research and development (Halldorsson, et al. 2003). Since each process interacts with customers and suppliers at some point, customer relations and supplierà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s relations form an important part in the supply chain. The company must make the right decision when moving products from one point to the other. Distributing products faster and cheaply leads to higher profits and more satisfied customers. In order to do this, Swift world transport Ltd stays informed on the current trend within the industry. For illustration, most companies are moving in the southern states because where doing business is more cost effective. The company has been analyzing facts and trying to make a decision whether to move south. In 1990, Swift world transport Ltd. adopted the supply chain management (SCM). This was adopted after realization that most food products require integration of many business processes, from the original supplier to the customer (Halldorsson, et al. 2003). The suppliers provide the company with products, services and important information that boost our business. SCM enables us to exchange information with other stakeholders regarding market fluctuation. After realizing the importance of information, we adapted the SCM to enable us access relevant information. This is made possible since all the companies in the supply chain help optimize the entire chain. The company can therefore plan its distribution activities better hence leading to customer satisfaction. In addition, incorporation of SCM leads to reduction of competition (Hines, 2004). This is because the competition is not from one company to the other but on supply chain and supply chain. The aim of supply chain management is to uphold customer satisfaction by using the available resources efficiently. It seeks to keep the demand and supply at equilibrium. Since many food products are perishable, it pays to liaise with producers to minimize bottlenecks. The products are obtained from farmers and suppliers at the lowest cost (Hines, 2004). Transporting is followed by distribution and finally delivering the products to customer markets. Conclusion One of the main challenges that Swift world transport Ltd faces is the presence of congestion in our road system. The causes of congestion come from higher requirement for mobility, which many times go beyond the facilities that support it. Other causes can be random events like accidents, which normally disrupts the flow of vehicles. Congestion is not only present on the roads, concentration of traffic is observed even on maritime transport. This is so common especially in terms of weight. Traffic concentration is causing many problems at the ports. In the past few decades, international trade has been experiencing higher growth than the global economy resulting in congestion at the ports. Congestion has the effect of delaying products on the road hence causing late Deliveries. Late deliveries in turn lead to loss if business opportunities and dissatisfied customers. Recommendation As a major stakeholder in the transport industry, we have joint hands with other like-minded firms to put pressure on government to build more road network. A transport policy that will provide solutions to congestion problems should be developed. This requires long term planning to build of more roads and ports in order to ease the congestion. States with port facility should apply for grants from the federal government in order to improve their inadequate facilities. These are the solutions to preventing the constant congestion.